Wiring the MAX30100 Heart Rate Monitor with Arduino Microcontroller

This is the MAX300100 breakout board that reads heart rate or pulse oximetry. The chip has an integrated optical sensor that derives its reading from emitting two wavelength of light from the two LED’s then measures the absorbance of pulsing blood through a photodetector. The signal is processed by a low noise analog signal processing unit and communicated to the Microcontroller through the i2C Interface.

The MAX30100 operates from 1.8v and 3.3v voltage input and can be powered down through software with negligible standby current, permitting the power supply to remain connected at all times. The device is suitable for wearable devices like smart watch, medical monitoring equipment’s, fitness assistant and smart suits.

Required Components

Arduino Microcontroller, ESP8266 (Arduino IDE Integrated), Teensy MCU (TeensyDuino Integrated),
Buzzer / Alarm (Optional)
LCD / OLED i2C Display (Optional)
Solder Less Breadboard
Jumper Wire

Wiring Diagram

MAX30100 Schematics Diagram

Source Code

#include <MAX30100.h>
#include <MAX30100_BeatDetector.h>
#include <MAX30100_Filters.h>
#include <MAX30100_PulseOximeter.h>
#include <MAX30100_Registers.h>
#include <MAX30100_SpO2Calculator.h>
#include <Wire.h>

#define REPORTING_PERIOD_MS     500

/*
 PulseOximeter is the higher level interface to the sensor
 That offers:

> Beat Reporting
> Heart Pulse Rate Calculation
> SP02 OXIDATION LEVEL Calculation

*/

PulseOximeter pox;

const int numReadings=10;
float filterweight=0.5;
uint32_t tsLastReport = 0;
uint32_t last_beat=0;
int readIndex=0;
int average_beat=0;
int average_SpO2=0;
bool calculation_complete=false;
bool calculating=false;
bool initialized=false;
byte beat=0;


void onBeatDetected() //Calls back when pulse is detected
{
  viewBeat();
  last_beat=millis();
}

void viewBeat() 
{

  if (beat==0) {
   Serial.print("_");
    beat=1;
  } 
  else
  {
   Serial.print("^");
    beat=0;
  }
}

void initial_display() 
{
  if (not initialized) 
  {
    viewBeat();
  Serial.print("14CORE | MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter Test");
  Serial.println("--------------------------------------");
    Serial.println("Place place your finger on the sensor");
  Serial.println("--------------------------------------");  ;
    initialized=true;
  }
}

void display_calculating(int j){

  viewBeat();
  Serial.println("Measuring"); 
  for (int i=0;i<=j;i++) {
    Serial.print(". ");
  }
}

void display_values()
{
  Serial.print(average_beat);
  Serial.print("| Bpm ");
  Serial.print("| SpO2 ");
  Serial.print(average_SpO2);
  Serial.print("%"); 
}

void calculate_average(int beat, int SpO2) 
{
  if (readIndex==numReadings) {
    calculation_complete=true;
    calculating=false;
    initialized=false;
    readIndex=0;
    display_values();
  }
  
  if (not calculation_complete and beat>30 and beat<220 and SpO2>50) {
    average_beat = filterweight * (beat) + (1 - filterweight ) * average_beat;
    average_SpO2 = filterweight * (SpO2) + (1 - filterweight ) * average_SpO2;
    readIndex++;
    display_calculating(readIndex);
  }
}

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(115200);
    pox.begin();
    pox.setOnBeatDetectedCallback(onBeatDetected);
}

// Make it sure that you need to call update as fast as possible

void loop()
{
    
    pox.update(); 
    if ((millis() - tsLastReport > REPORTING_PERIOD_MS) and (not calculation_complete)) {
        calculate_average(pox.getHeartRate(),pox.getSpO2());
        tsLastReport = millis();
    }
    if ((millis()-last_beat>10000)) {
      calculation_complete=false;
      average_beat=0;
      average_SpO2=0;
      initial_display();
    }
}

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#include <MAX30100.h>

#include <MAX30100_BeatDetector.h>

#include <MAX30100_Filters.h>

#include <MAX30100_PulseOximeter.h>

#include <MAX30100_Registers.h>

#include <MAX30100_SpO2Calculator.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#define REPORTING_PERIOD_MS 500

PulseOximeter is the higher level interface to the sensor

That offers:

> Beat Reporting

> Heart Pulse Rate Calculation

> SP02 OXIDATION LEVEL Calculation

PulseOximeter pox;

const int numReadings=10;

float filterweight=0.5;

uint32_t tsLastReport = 0;

uint32_t last_beat=0;

int readIndex=0;

int average_beat=0;

int average_SpO2=0;

bool calculation_complete=false;

bool calculating=false;

bool initialized=false;

byte beat=0;

void onBeatDetected() //Calls back when pulse is detected

{

viewBeat();

last_beat=millis();

}

void viewBeat()

{

if (beat==0) {

Serial.print("_");

beat=1;

}

else

{

Serial.print("^");

beat=0;

}

void initial_display()

{

if (not initialized)

{

viewBeat();

Serial.print("14CORE | MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter Test");

Serial.println("--------------------------------------");

Serial.println("Place place your finger on the sensor");

Serial.println("--------------------------------------"); ;

initialized=true;

}

void display_calculating(int j){

viewBeat();

Serial.println("Measuring");

for (int i=0;i<=j;i++) {

Serial.print(". ");

}

void display_values()

{

Serial.print(average_beat);

Serial.print("| Bpm ");

Serial.print("| SpO2 ");

Serial.print(average_SpO2);

Serial.print("%");

}

void calculate_average(int beat, int SpO2)

{

if (readIndex==numReadings) {

calculation_complete=true;

calculating=false;

initialized=false;

readIndex=0;

display_values();

}

if (not calculation_complete and beat>30 and beat<220 and SpO2>50) {

average_beat = filterweight * (beat) + (1 - filterweight ) * average_beat;

average_SpO2 = filterweight * (SpO2) + (1 - filterweight ) * average_SpO2;

readIndex++;

display_calculating(readIndex);

}

void setup()

{

Serial.begin(115200);

pox.begin();

pox.setOnBeatDetectedCallback(onBeatDetected);

}

// Make it sure that you need to call update as fast as possible

void loop()

{

pox.update();

if ((millis() - tsLastReport > REPORTING_PERIOD_MS) and (not calculation_complete)) {

calculate_average(pox.getHeartRate(),pox.getSpO2());

tsLastReport = millis();

}

if ((millis()-last_beat>10000)) {

calculation_complete=false;

average_beat=0;

average_SpO2=0;

initial_display();

}

Downloads

Download the MAX30100 Code Libraries | Zip
Download the MAX30100 Datasheet | Pdf

Wiring the MAX30100 Heart Rate Monitor with Arduino Microcontroller

7 thoughts on “Wiring the MAX30100 Heart Rate Monitor with Arduino Microcontroller”

Brittany Lisowski
at

We tried to use this code. It worked the first time, displaying the bpm and SO2 %. However, if we leave our finger the sensor, the code will not display another bpm or SO2 %, it will only spit out “^-^-….” continuously.
- 14core EditorPost author
  at
  
  You need to place a function inside the loop that reads the sensor input value contentiously.
  - Jan
    at
    
    Hi, how to add it please? I am total beginer and this is my first project – using Arduino Lilypad and have same trouble – show me this:
    
    _^_^Measuring
    . . _Measuring
    . . . ^Measuring
    . . . . _Measuring
    . . . . . ^_^_^_^_^_
Sayed
at

I try with Nodemcu 12E, i use same connection but it dosenot work for me, can you help
- 14core EditorPost author
  at
  
  Use this library > https://www.14core.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/MAX30100.zip
Chandrika Chowdhury
at

How can I add firebase realtime database connection code in this code plz plz
- Wired DeveloperPost author
  at
  
  This is the code library for Firebase API call for Arduino
  Follow this link just download and extract example code also available.
  > https://www.14core.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/firebase-arduino-master.zip

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7 thoughts on “Wiring the MAX30100 Heart Rate Monitor with Arduino Microcontroller”

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